Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2022 Population

118,944

1.16% 1-year decline

US Senator

John Cornyn

Republican Party

US Senator

Ted Cruz

Republican Party

2022 Median Age

33.9

0.593% 1-year increase

2022 Poverty Rate

12.2%

13.2% 1-year decrease

2022 Median Household Income

$77,514

7.83% 1-year growth

2022 Median Property Value

$224,500

15.3% 1-year growth

About

In 2022, Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX had a population of 119k people with a median age of 33.9 and a median household income of $77,514. Between 2021 and 2022 the population of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX declined from 120,342 to 118,944, a −1.16% decrease and its median household income grew from $71,888 to $77,514, a 7.83% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX are White (Non-Hispanic) (24.5%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (20.7%), White (Hispanic) (15.5%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (12.9%), and Two+ (Hispanic) (12.9%).

41.5% of the households in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

87.8% of the residents in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX are The Vocational Nursing Institute Inc (24 degrees awarded in 2022).

In 2022, the median property value in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX was $224,500, and the homeownership rate was 56.9%.

Most people in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 29.6 minutes. The average car ownership in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX was 2 cars per household.

Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX borders Houston City (North)--West of Aldine & Inside Beltway TX-8 PUMA, TX, Houston City (Northwest)--Between Loop I-610 & Beltway TX-8 PUMA, TX, Harris County (North)--Houston City (North)-I-45, Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX, Harris County (North)--North of FM-1960, West of I-45 & East of TX-249 PUMA, TX, Harris County (Northwest)--North of US-290 & North of FM-1960 PUMA, TX, Harris County (Northwest)--South of US-290 & West of TX-6 PUMA, TX, and Houston City (West)--East of TX-6 & West of Beltway TX-8 PUMA, TX.

United States Texas

Population & Diversity

Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX is home to a population of 119k people, from which 87.8% are citizens. As of 2022, 25.3% of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX residents were born outside of the country (30k people).

In 2022, there were 1.18 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (29.2k people) in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX than any other race or ethnicity. There were 24.7k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 18.5k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary langauge in households in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX are Spanish (31,081 households), Vietnamese (6,993 households), and Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (1,153 households).

Citizenship

87.8%

2022 Citizenship

87.2%

2021 Citizenship

As of 2022, 87.8% of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.5%. In 2021, the percentage of US citizens in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX was 87.2%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX

White (Non-Hispanic)
29.2k ± 1.89k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
24.7k ± 2.94k
White (Hispanic)
18.5k ± 2.31k

39%

Hispanic Population

46.4k people

39% of the people in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX are hispanic (46.4k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX as a share of the total population.

Foreign-Born Population

25.3%

2022 Foreign-Born Population

30k people

25.9%

2021 Foreign-Born Population

31.1k people

As of 2022, 25.3% of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX residents (30k people) were born outside of the United States, which is higher than the national average of 13.6%. In 2021, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX was 25.9%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Spanish
31,081 households (28%)
Vietnamese
6,993 households (6.31%)
Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
1,153 households (1.04%)

41.5% of the households in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is higher than the national average of 21.7%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2022, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX was Spanish. 28% of the households in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Gulf War (2001-)
1,158 ± 370
Gulf War (1990s)
891 ± 244
Vietnam
828 ± 178

Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX has a large population of military personnel who served in Gulf War (2001-), 1.3 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX employs 58.7k people. The largest industries in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX are Construction (5,050 people), Elementary & secondary schools (3,669 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (2,626 people), and the highest paying industries are Motor vehicles & motor vehicle equipment manufacturing ($188,479), Oil & gas extraction ($171,814), and Natural gas distribution ($167,822).

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

26,435

Women

45.4%

31,819

Men

54.6%

The workforce of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX in 2020 was 58,254 people, with 45.4% woman, and 54.6% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

58.7k

2022 Value

0.179%

1 Year growth

± 0.179%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX grew at a rate of 0.179%, from 58.6k employees to 58.7k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX, are Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (2,049 people), Cashiers (1,685 people), and Elementary & middle school teachers (1,592 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Texas (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

58.7k

2022 Value

0.179%

1 Year growth

± 0.179%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX grew at a rate of 0.179%, from 58.6k employees to 58.7k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX, are Construction (5,050 people), Elementary & secondary schools (3,669 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (2,626 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX, though some of these residents may live in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$46,886

Median earning men ± $2,010

$36,325

Median earning women ± $2,731

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2022 are Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($150,563), Public Administration ($79,813), and Information ($71,176).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2022 are Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($97,011), Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($57,591), and Public Administration ($55,900).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

Y-Axis

4.59%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 13.8M people employed in Texas. This represents a 4.59% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 9.63%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Texas.

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Texas went to Donald J. Trump with 52.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (46.5%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.12%).

John Cornyn and Ted Cruz are the senators currently representing the state of Texas. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Texas is currently represented by 38 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX. Showing the available data for Texas.

2020 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (52.1%)
Republican Party
Joseph R Biden Jr. (46.5%)
Democratic Party
Jo Jorgensen (1.12%)
Libertarian Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Texas went to Donald J. Trump with 52.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (46.5%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.12%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Texas for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Texas

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

John Cornyn

Senator from Texas

Assumed office on December 2, 2002
Phil Gramm resigned (effective November 30, 2002) a few weeks before the expiration of his term in hopes that his successor, fellow Republican John Cornyn, could gain seniority over other newly elected senators. However, Cornyn did not gain additional seniority due to a 1980 Rules Committee policy.

Ted Cruz

Senator from Texas

Assumed office on January 3, 2013

John Cornyn and Ted Cruz are the senators currently representing Texas.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Texas over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Texas

Texas is currently represented by 38 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Texas have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2022, universities in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX awarded 24 degrees. The student population of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX in 2022 is skewed towards women, with 1 male students and 34 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX are Black or African American (15 and 62.5%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (4 and 16.7%), White (3 and 12.5%), and Asian (2 and 8.33%).

The largest universities in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX by number of degrees awarded are The Vocational Nursing Institute Inc (24 and 100%).

The most popular majors in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX are Licensed Practical & Vocational Nurse Training (24 and 100%).

Completions

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2022, 3.1% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 2.16% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX in 2022 were High School or Equivalent (22.8k), Some college (21.8k), and Bachelors Degree (18.4k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX was $224,500 in 2022, which is 0.796 times smaller than the national average of $281,900. Between 2021 and 2022 the median property value increased from $194,700 to $224,500, a 15.3% increase. The homeownership rate in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX is 56.9%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.8%.

People in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX have an average commute time of 29.6 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX is $77,514. In 2022, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX was Fort Bend County (Northwest) PUMA, TX with a value of $159,431, followed by Denton County (South Central)--Flower Mound Town & Highland Village City PUMA, TX and Collin County (Northwest)--Celina City & Prosper Town PUMA, TX, with respective values of $157,973 and $153,785.

Property

$224,500

Median Property Value 2022

±$3,535

$23,737

Median Property Taxes

±$1,417

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

56.9%

Homeownership

2022

70.4%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2022

In 2022, 56.9% of the housing units in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 57.1%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2022, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX was Fort Bend County (Northwest) PUMA, TX with a value of $159,431, followed by Denton County (South Central)--Flower Mound Town & Highland Village City PUMA, TX and Collin County (Northwest)--Celina City & Prosper Town PUMA, TX, with respective values of $157,973 and $153,785.

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$77,514

Median Household Income

± $3,109

41.7k

Number of Households

± 2,136

In 2022, the median household income of the 41.7k households in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX grew to $77,514 from the previous year's value of $71,888.

The following chart displays the households in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

0.46

2022 Wage GINI in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX

0.455

2021 Wage GINI in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX

In 2022, the income inequality in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX was 0.46 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.985% growth from 2021 to 2022, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2022

Drove Alone (78.1%)
Carpooled (9.96%)
Worked At Home (9.38%)

In 2022, 78.1% of workers in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (9.96%) and those who worked at home (9.38%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

29.6 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX have a longer commute time (29.6 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.7 minutes). Additionally, 2.46% of the workforce in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

12.2% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX (14.4k out of 118k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Males 6 - 11, followed by Females 25 - 34 and then Females 35 - 44.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX is Hispanic, followed by White and Black.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

81.2% of the population of Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX has health coverage, with 46.5% on employee plans, 14% on Medicaid, 8.34% on Medicare, 11.3% on non-group plans, and 0.984% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Texas see 1641 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.737% increase from the previous year (1629 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1607 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 691 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

1,641 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Texas

Primary care physicians in Texas see an average of 1,641 patients per year. This represents a 0.737% increase from the previous year (1,629 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Texas in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2022, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 25.8% under 18 years, 25.8% between 18 and 34 years, 37.7% between 35 and 64 years, and 10.7% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.7% were men and 50.3% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

18.8%

Uninsured

46.5%

Employer Coverage

14%

Medicaid

8.34%

Medicare

11.3%

Non-Group

0.984%

Military or VA

Between 2021 and 2022, the percent of uninsured citizens in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX grew by 6.57% from 17.6% to 18.8%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Harris County (Northwest)--Jersey Village City-Between Beltway TX-8 & FM-1960 PUMA, TX changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.